Brake mechanism



Oct- 22, 1940. L. l.. c'HEsMAN BRAKE MECHANISI Filed oct. 1v, lesa INVENTOR: 0416" (/eamn BY a ATTORNEY.

Patented oct. 22, 1940 2,218,812

UNITED f STATES PATENT Y OFFICE BRAKE MECHANISM Louis L. Chesman, Port Clinton,lhio yApplication October 17, 1938, Serial No. 235,433 1o claims. (c1. iss-9.1)`

This invention relates in general to a rotary or radially but normally held in an innermost posicircular brake mechanism and has more particution against ring 6 by springs I4 located between lar reference to a wheel brake for motor vehicles. the projections 9 and III.

`An important object of the invention is in the At the inner end of each actuator is an inclined provision of exible fluid pressure resistance surface I5 and movable upon the ring 6 is a means in retarding and stopping a rotary eleslidable collar I6 having an inclined surface `or ment such as a wheel. l wedging surfaces I1 to'engage the inclined sur- A further object of the invention is in the profaces I5 of all of the actuators simultaneously vision -of an air brake mechanism for wheels This collar is moved on the ring by any suitable Whichcan be gradually applied with a minimum means and is shown asv having a groove I8' en- 10 of friction. gaged by projections I9 of an operating yoke 20 A still further object-of the invention is inthe for accomplishing this result. This yoke may provision of uid pressure means which offers be suitably connected to a hand lever or to the resistance in one direction but may have a valved ordinary brake pedal of a motor vehicle for relief for controlled movement in the other direcoperation in a well known manner. y tion. The wheel is shown as comprising an out- A still further object of the invention is in the wardly extending disc 2| having a tire engaging provision of improved means for operating a rim 22 and a tire 23 at its outer periphery. Atvehicle brake and applying it to the wheel axles tached to the disc or some suitable position of of avehicle. the wheel is a plate 24 which extends beyond 20 Other and further objects of the invention will the outer ends of the actuators I3 and carries appear hereinafter, the accompanying drawing a plurality of cylinders 25 at the outer edge of the illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invenplate 24, the cylinders being closed at the outer tion in which, end except for a check valve 26 which tends to 25 Figure l is a sectional view and Fig. 2 is a close the cylinder .against the egress of air but 25 partial inside plan view of a wheel braking mechadmits air when the piston moves inwardly, the anism in accordance with the principles of this cylinders having their open ends extending ininvention. wardly and substantially centered with respect to This invention comprises relatively xed and the actuators. The radially inner end of each 30 movable parts in connection with the axle and cylinder is closed by a cap 2l and in the cylinder 30 rotating part of a wheel, the fixed parts movable is a piston 28 pressed toward the said end of the outwardly to engage rotatable compression parts cylinder and inwardly of the wheel by spring 29 for opposing radialA movement of the fixed parts which are `of sufficient length to overcome the and by their engagement to provide a rolling centrifugal force of the pistons due to high-speed pneumatically opposed Contact which will retard or rapid wheel rotation. The cylinder closure 2l 35 the movement of the rotating part and bring is constructed to permit free movement of air it quickly but smoothly and resiliently to a full into and out of the inner cylinder end whereby stop,'or to any reduction in speed. v interference with piston movement toward cap 2'I Referring HOW mre particularly to the draW- is avoided. Extending through the cap and at- 40 ing, this invention is described and illustrated as tached to the piston is a rod 3i) for supporting a 40 used in connection with the front Wheel of an curved yoke 3I which is curved oppositely from automobile having an axle 4 upon which the hub the curvature of the inner plate or support 8 or 5 of a wheel is mounted for free rotation. its outer projection IB.

A cylindrical ring Sis secured to the axle by The outer ends ofthe actuators and the curved l5 screws l or other fastening means and projects surfaces of the yokes 3l are adapted to engage 4,5 over the inner end of the hub 5 but is entirely when the actuators are moved outwardly and the free from contact therewith. Secured to or actuators are therefore provided with roller bearformed integral with the ring 6 is a circular plate ings 32 in their outer ends and the yokes 3| are or support 8 extending outwardly therefrom at provided with contact parts 33, set into the curved the inside of the wheel. Extending in the same surfaces thereof for `engagement with each other. 5o direction as the ring from the plate are spaced In operation when it is desired to apply the projections or rings S and I having correspondo brake, the wedging collar IS is forced inwardly ing openings I I and I2 for brake actuators I3 against the inclined surfaces ofthe actuators I3 which constitute contact members carried by the which forces them outwardly against the presiixed supporting plate 8, and they are movable sure of the springs I4 until the roller bearings 55 of the actuators in pressing the pistons outwardly in the cylinders 25 against the air pressure at the louter ends thereof, and against the pressure of the piston returning springs 29.

There are more actuators than cylinders, four cylinders and seven actuators being indicated in the accompanying drawing so that the operation of the brake will not be uneven, jerky or in stages, but will be smooth, steady and continuous, one or more actuators being in contact with the brake yokes at all times depending upon the arc of contact therewith. Y

When the wedging collar is withdrawn the actuators are moved inwardly by the springs I4 and the brake pistons and yokes are moved inward by the springs 29 at a rate depending upon air flow at the air inlets provided by the check valves 26.

With this construction the brake pressure can be applied lightly, gradually or to any desired degree and a smooth pneumatic brake action will be produced by the contact of the actuators with the brake yokes. By this means great pressure can be applied for retarding and stopping rotary motion of the Wheel. A similar construction may be applied to the rear Wheels and all operated simultaneously or in pairs together in accordance with motor vehicle brake practice.

What I claim is:

1. In a wheel brake, a xed support concentric with and attached to the wheel axle, a plurality of pneumatic devices attached to and freely rotatable with the wheel outside of said support and having inwardly extending movable contact parts, contact members carried by the support movable outwardly to engage the contact parts of the said devices, and wedging means movable on the support for actuating and applying the members together in their outward movement.

2. In wheel brake, a plurality of pneumatic devices carried by the wheel and extending inwardly from the rim, a support surrounding the wheel axle within the devices, actuating members carried by the support and extending outwardly, and operating means on Jthe support comprising wedging portions for moving the members outwardly into the path of said device as the wheel rotates.

3. In a wheel brake, a plurality of pneumatic devices carried by and having movable portions extending radially inward from the outer portion of the wheel, a fixed support within and from the said movable portions, actuators different in number than said devices carried by and extending outwardly from said support, and means movable axially on said support for projecting the actuators outwardly and engaging the outer ends thereof with the said movable portions of the devices as the wheels rotate.

4. A wheel brake structure in accordance with claim 3, in which the actuators are provided with inclined contact surfaces at their inner ends, and the projecting means has an inclined or Wedging surface for enjoying the corresponding actuator surfaces, for moving the actuators outwardly as the projecting means is moved.

5. A wheel brake in accordance with claim 3, in which the actuators have inclined surfaces at their inner ends and having springs for pressing them inwardly, and the projecting means is in the form of a ring with a wedging surface at its edge for engaging the inclined actuator surfaces and moving them outwardly against the pressure of the springs.

6. A Wheel brake in accordance with claim 3, in which the said support is circular with outer perforated projections in which the actuators are radially slidable, the inner ends of the actuators being inclined and adapted to engage said support, springs being located between the projections for pressing the actuators inwardly, and the projecting operating means having an inclined wedging edge for engaging the inclined surfaces of the actuators and moving them outwardly against their springs into the path of the movable portions of said pneumatic devices.

7. In a wheel brake, a plurality of pneumatic devices carried by a Wheel and each comprising a cylinder with a piston extending radially inward. a contact yoke carried by the piston, a iixed support at the wheel axis, actuators for engaging the yokes carried by the support, means movable on the support for projecting the actuators into the path of the contact yokes.

8. In a wheel brake structure according to claim 7, the contact yoke bein-g convexly curved at its outer end, and an anti-friction roller carried at the free end of each actuator having a diameter less than the distance of the curved ends of the yoke from the support and adapted to engage the contact surface at the end of the yoke.

9. In a wheel brake, the combination with a fixed axle support including spring pressed actuators movable radially therein and pressed inwardly by their springs, cylinders rotatable with the wheel having pistons pressed inwardly by springs therein and air check valves at the outer end, each piston carrying a contact member at the inner end of the cylinder in line with said actuators, and wedging means movable on the support for projecting the actuators against their springs and in the path of the piston contact members, against the springs and air pressure in the cylinders.

10. In a wheel brake, the combination with a plurality of cylinders mounted at the outer edge of a wheel and extending radially inward, a piston in each cylinder pressed inwardly by a spring and a check valve at the outer end of the cylinder t allow a limited air inlet so the spring can press the piston inwardly, a contact yoke carried by the piston at the inner end of the cylinder, a plurality of actuators movable axially within the path of the yokes, spring means for holding the actuators inwardly out of said path, and operating means for engaging the actuators, moving them outwardly and in the path of the yokes, compressing the piston springs and forcing the pistons outwardly in the cylinders compressing the air therein to provide a yielding cushion for the braking action.

LOUIS' L. CHESMAN. 

